PECULIARITIES OF CONTRACT TRANSLATION IN BUSINESS SPHERE

ABSTRACT

This article is devoted to ways of agreements translation in business sphere. Socially related sublanguages and types of business correspondence are defined. Specifics of business correspondence style are shown. Challenges of translation in business sphere are demonstrated. English business style and ways of its rendering into Kazakh and the usage of clichés and set expressions in agreements and their translation into Kazakh language are shown.

Keywords: Official style, business correspondence, business documents, agreement, contract, clichés.

Introduction

The topic "Ways of agreements translation in business sphere" is focused on the quirks of rendering official style on the basis of business documents. The style is decided by a variety of options. The way a document is written can be inferred from its word choice, sentence construction, phrase structure, and other aesthetic decisions like format. It is impossible to ignore the author's distinctive writing style. Each document's author adds a distinctive touch by using their own particular writing style and technique. The audience's perception of the document depends on its purpose and style. The country's national policy is the reason the theme was chosen. The ex-President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev, claims that the 21st century's most pressing task is learning foreign languages because English is referred to as the language of international relations and cooperation.

The given theme was investigated by such prominent linguists and translators as V.N. Komissarov, I.P. Galperin, E.E. Izraelevich, M.V. Koltunova, Y.M. Skrebnev and others. Documents written in a business setting and meant for an audience you do not know or are not familiar with typically have a formal tone. The document might address a complaint from a client. It might be a demand for past-due payment. It could be a legal document, a company report, or a variety of other forms of business correspondence. When attempting to communicate accurate or impartial information, it is preferable to adopt a formal document's formatting. A formal document is capable of becoming powerful and dynamic. The greatest way to communicate unpleasant or bad information is through a formal paper.

There are many various types of texts that are written in an official style, including statutes, laws, orders, contracts, instructions, complaints, recipes, different sorts of declarations, and many business genres (such as explanatory memos, biographies, profiles, statistics reports, etc.). A business document's expression of religion specifies the language's characteristics, including its main aspects and sociolinguistic organization. As a result, this style's fundamental implementation is written. The work is important since there hasn't been enough research done on the theoretical aspects of translating official documents into Kazakh.

Business contracts are agreements made between natural people or legal entities that establish respective rights, obligations, and moral obligations in order to further certain business objectives. It is legally enforceable and binds all parties. The written language structure of business contracts differs from that of general written language, literally written language, and technical written language since they are legal papers, or documents that must comply with the law. This thesis looks at how business contracts differ significantly from other types of writing in terms of their language features.

The official style features, types, and styles of business communication papers are all revealed in the first chapter, along with other stylistic quirks specific to official documents written in English. This language style, like other language styles, has a clear communicative goal, and the fundamental goal of this sort of communication is to lay out the terms that bind two people to an agreement. Here, we see the development of actually writing values associated with the transition of participles in a class of adjectives and pronouns, standardization of lexical compatibility, high degree of named lexicon, nominal character of speech expressed in high rate of verbal nouns which frequently designate appointed action, high rate of denominative pretexts and prepositional combinations, development of actually writing values connected with transition of participles in a class of adjectives and pronouns,  Standardization of syntactic units and lexical compatibility are taken into consideration.

Contracts should generally be formal, comprehensive, clear, concrete, accurate, and brief. All informational data are not appropriate in contracts. Therefore, when drafting contracts, we must adhere to all grammatical, lexical, and stylistic conventions of standard English. The neatness and beautiful organization of a formal contract or agreement must be taken into account. Any contract that is complete implies the inclusion of all pertinent information that bears on the subject matter of the agreement. In actuality, you are required to outline how, when, and what you plan to do with your partner.

The appropriate tone should be neutral, devoid of both pompous language and informal or colloquial language. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden to use offensive terminology, idioms, or phrasal verbs.  Both parties to the contract shouldn't have any trouble getting information, and they should be able to comprehend what is written. In attention to detail and lack of consideration can lead to misunderstandings.

Any contract should be precise and unambiguous, concise, and short, as was previously mentioned. Commercial writing frequently suffers from an archaic, pretentious English style that complicates the message and gives the reader the impression that they are reading a language they are not familiar with. Although the language used in contracts is likely the most formal of all business contact and contains many legal phrases, it shouldn't be antiquated. This is because the vocabulary used in such correspondence is highly particular and related to its nature. Its message should be sufficiently obvious.

The translator must consider both the characteristics of the target language and the necessity of maintaining the main idea of the source text in order to resolve grammatical issues in translation. The difference in the grammatical structures of the two languages and the inability to translate the meaning of a particular word should be made up for using other grammatical or occasionally lexical techniques.

There are two steps involved in translating verbal’s: first, it is important to comprehend their meaning, and second, it is important to determine how to represent that meaning in Kazakh. Grammar does not stand alone for translation purposes. A translator or interpreter is more concerned with the grammatical meaning than the grammatical form. A grammatical error always casts doubt on the text's sense and logic, whether it be a poorly understood structure in the source language or an incorrect variant in the destination language. It is vital to stop and check for translation errors as soon as the sentence's logic and sense cease to be clear. Thus, having made a quantitative analysis of the documents to determine the most frequently used transformations done in their translations, we have revealed that in translation of English business documents into Kazakh grammatical transformations are used more frequently than lexical ones, which proves the discrepancy of grammatical systems of the two languages.

Clichés and set expressions are often used in agreements as they provide clarity and predictability in legal language. However, it is important to note that their translation into Kazakh language can be a challenging task, as some expressions may not have an equivalent in Kazakh or may have different connotations.

To begin with, it is essential to understand the meaning and context of each expression before translating it into Kazakh. This will help to avoid any potential mistranslations or misinterpretations that may arise due to cultural or linguistic differences.

One approach to translating clichés and set expressions in agreements into Kazakh is to use a combination of literal and idiomatic translations. Literal translations involve translating the words in the expression directly, while idiomatic translations involve using equivalent expressions in Kazakh that convey the same meaning as the original expression.

For example, the expression "force majeure" is often used in agreements to refer to events that are beyond the control of the parties, such as natural disasters or war. In Kazakh, a literal translation of "force majeure" would be "жаңбырлардың қауіпсіздігі" (the invincibility of natural disasters), but a more idiomatic translation would be "мүмкін емес шартты шығарулар" (unforeseeable circumstances).

Another example is the expression "without prejudice," which is often used to indicate that a particular action or statement does not affect the parties' legal rights or claims. In Kazakh, a literal translation of "without prejudice" would be "қысқартпақты" (without harm), but a more idiomatic translation would be "құқықтармен байланыстырмай" (without affecting legal rights).

As a result of the translation of business documents we have come to the conclusion that English business texts are abundant with the usage of verbals and their constructions, which are frequently changed into other parts of speech. Translation of English business documents into Kazakh requires quite many translation transformations since the language structures of the two languages are rather different.

The importance of good business document writing and translation cannot be overstated in today's era of global community integration. Due to the growing importance of business English as the primary working language of most multinational corporations and organizations and the frequent use of business correspondence, it is essential to be able to understand and translate business documents correctly, which is impossible without having a working knowledge of translation methodologies.

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