PERSONAL CRISIS AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL PHENOMENON

ЛИЧНОСТНЫЙ КРИЗИС КАК ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ФЕНОМЕН

Гасанова Тамам Ханлар кзы

ABSTRACT

A personal crisis is a complex and individual process that requires attention and work on yourself. However, if this process is approached correctly, it can become the basis for personal growth and self-determination. This article discusses the main features of personal crisis as a psychological phenomenon. The concept of a personal crisis is revealed, the causes are identified and the main ways of overcoming a personal crisis are presented.

Keywords: personal crisis, psychological phenomenon.

At certain periods of his life, a person faces difficult situations that are difficult to understand due to a lack of experience at this stage of development.

From a psychological point of view, a personal crisis is a period in a person's life when he feels a loss of meaning, fullness, and satisfaction with his existence. At such moments, strong internal contradictions and doubts arise, as does alienation from oneself and others, as well as a sense of stagnation and inferiority. A personal crisis can be caused by various factors, such as serious losses, changes in life circumstances, problems in relationships, dissatisfaction with a career, or a lack of self-esteem [4].

Psychologists have studied the phenomenon of personal crises in order to understand their causes, mechanisms of development, and ways of overcoming them. A personal crisis is a period of intense internal tension, doubts, and self-doubt that can arise as a result of significant changes in life, such as the loss of a loved one, divorce, dismissal, relocation, and other difficulties.

Psychologists have studied various aspects of a personal crisis, including its psychological and emotional consequences, factors contributing to its occurrence, and methods of overcoming it. One of the best-known theories related to personality crises is Erickson's theory of personality development, in which he describes eight stages of development, each of which is associated with a specific crisis.

Psychologists have also developed various techniques for measuring and evaluating personality crises, such as questionnaires and interviews. These methods allow us to understand how a person perceives and experiences his crisis, as well as what strategies he uses to overcome it.

Research by psychologists has made it possible to identify some common signs of a personal crisis, such as a sense of loss of control, low self-esteem, emotional instability, increased anxiety, and depression. They also revealed that a personal crisis can be both a negative and a positive experience, leading to personal growth and development.

Based on their research, psychologists have developed various techniques and approaches for working with people during a personal crisis. These can be psychotherapeutic methods, such as psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, or group therapy. In addition, they can also offer practical recommendations on stress management, improving self-esteem, and developing coping mechanisms [1].

Studying the phenomenon of personal crises helps psychologists better understand its nature and develop effective strategies to help people in this state.

Coping with a personal crisis can be difficult, but it is possible. First, it is necessary to realize and accept the existence of a crisis. This will allow you to navigate the situation and deal with the causes of negative emotions. It is important to remain open and honest with yourself, as well as not hesitate to seek help from friends, relatives, or specialists [1].

Another important step to overcome a personal crisis is to work on yourself and your inner world. Various techniques for self-discovery, such as meditation, therapy, and psychological training, can help restore inner balance and help people understand your needs and goals. Recreation, hobbies, and sports also contribute to strengthening the psychological state and help to find new sources of joy and satisfaction.

We must not forget that a personal crisis is a natural and integral part of our lives. It helps us to grow and develop, to discover new opportunities, and to reconsider previous beliefs. It is important to remember that crises are temporary and are a necessary stage on the way to personal growth and self-actualization [2].

A personal crisis can manifest itself in various ways. For example, a person may experience a sense of loss of meaning in life, dissatisfaction with the results of their achievements, conflicts with themselves or others, as well as feelings of powerlessness or hopelessness. It may also be accompanied by physical symptoms such as insomnia, fatigue, changes in appetite, or body aches.

When a personal crisis occurs, there is a need to reconsider your values and priorities, as well as expand your understanding of yourself and your place in the world. A personal crisis can be caused by various factors, such as changes in life (job loss, divorce, death of a loved one), the desire for self-development, or simply a conscious awareness of the inconsistency of the current state and desired goals [3].

• Causes of personal crises:
• Changing life circumstances—job loss, divorce, serious illness, or the death of a loved one – can trigger the spontaneous emergence of a personal crisis.
• Striving for personal growth: when a person begins to ask questions about his place in the world and is looking for meaning and purpose in life, this can lead to a personal crisis.
• The desire to achieve personal harmony: when a person realizes that he is unbalanced in various spheres of life, for example, relationships, work, or health, this can cause a personal crisis.
• Social and cultural impact: the pressure of society and the expectations of a social group can lead to a perversion of personality and cause a crisis.
• Internal conflicts and unresolved problems. Unresolved emotional traumas and conflicts from childhood or the past can cause a crisis of consciousness [5].

The emergence of a personal crisis can be a complex and individual process, and different people can experience it in different ways. A personal crisis can be exhaustive and leave a person in a state of helplessness, but conscious awareness, introspection, and the support of others can help overcome this period and find a new path to harmony and personal development.

At the same time, a personal crisis can become a source of growth and introspection. It gives you the opportunity to rethink your values and priorities, develop, and become stronger.

To cope with a personal crisis, it is necessary to realize its presence and accept it as a normal phase of development. Then you can seek help from a professional, such as a psychologist, who will help you understand your feelings and needs as well as develop an action plan to overcome the crisis. Important methods can be self-reflection, learning new skills, supporting a social network, and making changes in your life in order to achieve a more harmonious and satisfactory state [2].

Let's look at several ways that will help you cope with a personal crisis:

• It is necessary to analyze and be aware of your emotions. Try to find out what exactly causes your negative emotions and what steps can be taken to reduce them.
• It is necessary to contact a psychologist or therapist who will help a person understand their thoughts and emotions. Professional support can be very useful during a personal crisis.
• A person needs to set goals and objectives for himself. This will help him regain a sense of control and direct his energy in a useful direction.
• It is necessary to pay attention to your physical health. Exercise, regular walks in the fresh air, and a healthy diet will help a person improve their mood and relieve stress.
• It is necessary to surround yourself with supportive people. It is necessary to discuss your problems with friends or family and accept their help and support [5].

Thus, a personal crisis is a psychological phenomenon characterized by severe discomfort, dissatisfaction with oneself and one's life, as well as a loss of meaning and purpose in life. It can occur in different periods of a person's life, for example, during the transition from childhood to adulthood, middle age, or late adulthood.

References:

1. Cheremiskina I.I., Kapustina T.V. — Coping behavior in young people in a situation of experiencing a personal crisis // Psychologist. - 2022. - No. 4.
2. Chovdyrova G.S., Pyatkina O.A. Coping strategies of personality in adaptation to stress // Psychopedagogy in law enforcement agencies. - 2021. - Vol. 26. No. 1 (84). - pp. 41-47.
3. Ermolova E.O. The use of art therapy techniques in working with a person experiencing a midlife crisis // SMALTA–2020. No. 2. pp. 58-70.
4. Sarkisyan E. R., Suvorova I. Y. Analysis of narrative identity as a way to study the crisis of adulthood Russian Psychological Journal, 2022, Vol. 19, No. 3, 6-20
5. Zhedunova, L. G. Consciousness and personal crisis / L. G. Zhedunova // The world of psychology. - 2018. - № 2(94). - Pp. 155-162.