THE MAIN AREAS OF THE PROCESS OF SOCIALIZATION OF PERSONALITY

ABSTRACT

The process of socialization of a person lasts throughout her life, this is due to the fact that the space around us is constantly undergoing changes. Due to the modernization of the environment, a person is forced to transform his lifestyle for a more comfortable existence in the proposed conditions. Socialization is a multifaceted process of an individual's adoption of the experience of the society in which he develops, as well as the active reproduction and construction of systems of relationships and social relations that transform his existence. As part of the school curriculum, students study the definition of "socialization" from the point of view of an individual's assimilation of cultural and social norms and characteristics, as well as his mastering of various social roles. In the very process of socialization, it is important to identify the main areas - these are activities, communication and self-knowledge.

Keywords: socialization, personality, activity, communication, self-awareness.

Activity is a specific type of human activity aimed at improving the surrounding world and oneself. Activity begins from the moment when an individual begins to perform the most primitive actions. Initially, it is a game in which a generalized subject applies diverse roles to himself, tries new types of activity, and then a conscious choice of social roles is made from all possible options.

Socialization in the activity is carried out in three stages:

1. Orientation in the structure of the activity itself, which provides an opportunity to determine the main type of activity

2. Allocation of the central type of activity and subordination of the other options to it.

3. Assimilation of new or previously unexplored types of activities after professional training in a certain type of activity.

It is important to indicate that the activity can be both conscious and unconscious. This factor completely depends on the attitudes and beliefs of the individual, as well as his desire to improve the environment and even form a new reality.

Another equally significant area of the socialization process is communication. Communication is a set of multifaceted processes aimed at establishing and developing contacts between the participants of society, during which knowledge, values, and emotions are exchanged. It is divided into the following types: communication, interaction, social perception

Self-awareness is the identification by the subject of his own essence, understanding of the social situation in society, as well as the ability to analyze his emotions, feelings, motives of behavior. Summarizing the structures existing in the theory, it is possible to identify the concept of self-consciousness, consisting of the cognitive part, self-esteem and self-regulation. The cognitive part consists in the awareness of the personality of all its psychological and social aspects. It manifests itself in the attitude of an individual, a group of individuals or society as a whole to a system of values formed on the basis of the knowledge of previous generations. Self-esteem is understood as an individual's attitude to personal characteristics. Self-esteem is influenced by various factors, in particular: upbringing, position in society, environment, etc. It expresses the degree of acceptance by the subject of himself and his characteristics, personal qualities, appearance. Self-regulation is a set of individual abilities based on self-knowledge, control and change of behavior. Aspects that affect the process of self-regulation: personality characteristics, specifics of the relationship between the subject and society, external environmental conditions. Thus, self-awareness should be perceived as a product of development that allows you to identify a variety of individual abilities and nurture the existing potential. Summing up, it is worth noting that mastering different types of activities, communication, as well as the formation of self-awareness is conditioned by the very process of socialization. With this outcome, the identity of the individual manifests itself, the generalized subject becomes unique, unlike the rest. The study revealed the definition of socialization, the influence of key areas in the process of socialization on the personality as a whole and in a differentiated sense. Thanks to the analysis, it became clear that within each sphere there is its own structure, features, types, and other significant details that form the mechanism of socialization as the main one. Consequently, such spheres as activity, communication and self-awareness actually play an important role in the process of socialization of the individual, and are also the main mechanisms for its functioning.

References:

1. Боголюбов, Л.Н. Социальная сфера // Обществознание 10 класс. Москва, 2009. С. 162 – 164.
2. Деятельность и социализация // Spravochnick.ru – [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: https://spravochnick.ru/sociologiya/socializaciya_sociobiologicheskie_predposylki_socializacii/deyatelnost_i_socializaciya/
3. Котова, О.А., Лискова, Т.Е. ЕГЭ 2018. Обществознание. Я сдам ЕГЭ! Курс самоподготовки. Часть 1. Человек и общество. Экономика. Социальные отношения. М.: 2018. - 152 с.
4. Самосознание – что это такое, его структура и способы развития // PsyLogik.ru – [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: https://psylogik.ru/74-samosoznanie.html