ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES: DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS IN RUSSIA AND IN THE WORLD

АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНЫЕ ИСТОЧНИКИ ЭНЕРГИИ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ В РОССИИ И МИРЕ

Буланников Алексей Игоревич

студент, кафедра электроэнергетика и электромеханика транспорта, Ростовский государственный университет путей сообщения,

РФ, г. Ростов-на-Дону

Черкасова Марина Николаевна

научный руководитель, канд. филол. наук, доц., Ростовский государственный университет путей сообщения,

РФ, г. Ростов-на-Дону

ABSTRACT

The article examines current trends in the development of alternative energy in the world and in Russia. The key types of renewable energy sources (RES).

АННОТАЦИЯ

В статье рассматриваются современные тенденции развития альтернативной энергетики в мире и в России. Анализируются ключевые виды возобновляемых источников энергии (ВИЭ).

Keywords: alternative energy, renewable energy sources, solar energy, wind energy, ecology.

Ключевые слова: альтернативная энергетика, возобновляемые источники энергии, солнечная энергия, ветроэнергетика, экология.

The Global Energy Transition to Sustainable Development is driven by ecological concerns, declining technology costs, and the pursuit of energy security. Despite its historical dependence on hydrocarbons, Russia is actively developing Renewable Energy Sources (RES), leveraging significant natural potential and state support programs (the Capacity Supply Agreements (CSA) for RES), which has enabled the formation of a fully-fledged industry [2]. Major projects are being implemented in solar and wind power. However, there are challenges related to generation intermittency and there is a problem of creation of energy storage systems. This table shows the proportion of different electricity sources used in Russia's fuel and energy sector [1].

Table. 1

Development of Alternative Energy in Russia

Russia's alternative energy sector, while still relatively small, is strategically developing according to regional strengths, such as solar in the south and wind in the west. Future expansion focuses on technological upgrades and solving infrastructure issues, including energy storage and remote area supply. This illustrates a pragmatic, regionally tailored strategy for incorporating renewables.

One of the main barriers to RES development in Russia is competition with low-cost conventional power generation based on gas. Furthermore, the underdeveloped grid infrastructure in remote areas limits the integration of RES facilities into the unified energy system. Promising directions for development include:

1) Production of green hydrogen;

2) Development of local energy districts to supply isolated settlements;

3) Increasing the localization level of RES equipment. [3]

Alternative energy plays a significant role in diversifying the energy mix and reducing the environmental impact. Russia possesses considerable potential for RES development; however, its realization requires consistent government policy, investments in infrastructure, and technological innovation. Further research could be directed at assessing the economic efficiency of various RES types under the specific climatic conditions of the Russian Federation.

Список литературы:

1. Безруких П.П. Возобновляемая энергетика: проблемы и перспективы Энергетическая политика. – 2020. – № 5. – С. 45–52.
2. Мировая энергетическая статистика. – 2023. [Электронный ресурс]. – URL: https://www.iea.org (дата обращения: 10.10.2023).
3. Перспективы развития возобновляемых источников энергии в России Аналитический центр «Делпроф». – 2022. [Электронный ресурс]. – URL: https://delprof.ru (дата обращения: 10.10.2023).