PREVENTION OF ADOLESCENT DRUG ADDICTION

АBSTRACT

This article discusses preventive measures and ways to prevent adolescent drug addiction. Some aspects of preventive work of educational organizations are presented.

Keywords: prevention, adolescents, drug addiction, addiction, dependence, psychoactive substances.

Today, drug addiction of adolescents as one of the most important problems is being raised at different levels of government. In Russia, the growth rate of drug-addicted teenagers is terrifying. According to the Ministry of Health, the number of addicts to surfactants (psychoactive substances) is rapidly approaching 1.5 million people, 60% of whom are young people aged 16-25 years. And only 400 thousand people are officially registered.

Most narcologists agree that in order to reduce the interest of the younger generation in drugs, it is necessary to increase the number of thematic events in schools, colleges and higher educational institutions. That is, the main method of combating adolescent drug addiction is prevention.

Prevention is a complex of various kinds of measures aimed at preventing any phenomenon and eliminating risk factors. Preventive measures are the most important component of any phenomenon or the elimination of risk factors [3].

The following aspects play an important role in preventive measures: the objectivity of information, the organization of leisure time for teenagers and the rational use of their free time.

Prevention of drug addiction among adolescents involves working in two directions:

1) improving the awareness of adolescents about the risk factors created by drug addiction for health and for the individual as a whole;

2) assistance in the formation of a healthy lifestyle [4].

If we take into account the psychological and pedagogical features of adolescence, we can conclude that a negative attitude to drugs should be formed in the adolescent environment itself, since the information coming from adults is not so significant for them.

The main components of the work on the prevention of adolescent drug addiction include:

- special education and upbringing of children and adolescents;

- interaction with law enforcement agencies that can provide anti-drug safety to young people;

- creating positive life alternatives [2].

In carrying out prevention, an important point is the possibility of diagnosing adolescents who are obviously prone to drug use. In fact, the definition of such children is not difficult. Most often, they show signs of an unstable psyche, namely: a complex character, disregard for social and moral norms, as well as a tendency to depressive states.

It is also possible to "calculate" a potential drug victim in the circle of her communication. Teenagers who are bullied in society, as a rule, find solace in drugs.

An important stage in the prevention of drug addiction is the training of teaching staff, that is, it is necessary to teach teachers to identify various types and forms of drug intoxication, as well as to teach modern ways of forming a negative perception of this addiction in adolescents.

Thematic events must necessarily be accompanied by the involvement of specialists, that is, narcologists and police officers. Such lectures should be based on real medical and social examples of the consequences of drug addiction (deaths, diseases, personal degradation, etc.).

Unfortunately, preventive maintenance does not bring the proper result. This aspect is due to the fact that peers influence a potential addict more strongly than a mature environment. Also, everything is complicated by the fact that, as a rule, a teenager falls into the hands of a specialist with an already formed disease. The steadily deteriorating situation of this problem will remain so until the teenager ceases to identify the concept of "coolness" with the use of various psychoactive substances.

Today, as part of prevention, educational organizations most often hold one-time events. For example, such as: thematic exhibitions-contests of children's drawings, design of stands with information about the principles of healthy lifestyle, recommendations to parents, etc. These events have some significance, but not much at all. To enhance the effect of prevention, first of all, consistency is necessary, that is, anti-drug work should be carried out constantly.

Thus, today, for most countries, including Russia, the main danger for the younger generation is drug addiction. This problem calls into question the future of the state, which is the consequence of such close attention to this problem. When working with adolescent drug addiction, the main object for those working with this type of addiction is prevention.

References:

1. Abramov, A.Yu. Anesthesia of children, adolescents and youth of Russia / A.Yu. Abramov, Yu.V. Mikhailova, I.S. Tsybulskaya, I.B. Shikina, N.I. Khaliullin, E.R. Nizamova // Social aspects of public health. - 2014. - №3 (37). – P. 10.
2. Islamova, A.A. Problems of adolescent drug addiction / A.A. Islamova // Psychology, sociology and pedagogy. - 2016. - No. 10. – pp. 78-80.
3. Korobkina, Z.V. Prevention of drug addiction in children and youth: Textbook for students. higher. ped. studies. institutions / Z.V. Korobkina, V.A. Popov. – 5th ed., ster. - M.: Academy, 2012. — 192 p.
4. Prevention of drug addiction among young people [Electronic resource] – Access mode: http://refeteka.ru/r-138635.html (accessed 11.11.2023).