ECUADOR'S SECURITY CHALLENGES IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

ПРОБЛЕМЫ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ЭКВАДОРА В ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ ПЕРСПЕКТИВЕ

Овсепян Юрий Арменакович

студент, факультет иностранных языков и регионоведения, Московский Государственный Университет имени М.В. Ломоносова,

РФ, г. Москва

АННОТАЦИЯ

Располагаясь на перекрестке геополитических интересов, Эквадор сталкивается с целым рядом проблем в области безопасности, которые эволюционируют с течением времени. В данной статье предлагается комплексный анализ ситуации с безопасностью в Эквадоре через призму истории. Прослеживая историческую траекторию развития проблем безопасности - от пограничных споров до внутренних конфликтов, незаконного оборота наркотиков и экологической уязвимости. В данной работе дается представление о факторах, которые формировали проблемы безопасности Эквадора.

ABSTRACT

Ecuador, situated at the crossroads of geopolitical interests, has encountered a range of security challenges that have evolved over time. This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of Ecuador's security landscape through a historical lens. By tracing the historical trajectory of security concerns, from border disputes to internal conflicts, drug trafficking, and environmental vulnerabilities, this paper provides insights into the factors that have shaped Ecuador's security challenges.

Ключевые слова: Эквадор, Проблемы безопасности, Пограничные споры, Незаконный оборот наркотиков.

Keywords: Ecuador, Security challenges, Border disputes, Drug trafficking.

1. Introduction:

Ecuador's security challenges have been influenced by its unique geopolitical location and historical experiences. This paper delves into the historical evolution of security challenges, shedding light on how they have evolved and impacted the nation's security policies.

2. Border Disputes and Territorial Integrity:

Ecuador's history is marked by territorial disputes with neighboring countries, including Peru and Colombia. These conflicts have had a profound impact on the nation's security concerns, shaping its military posture and strategic decisions.

3. Internal Conflicts and Political Stability:

Throughout its history, Ecuador has experienced internal conflicts that have tested its political stability. These conflicts, often rooted in social, ethnic, and economic disparities, have posed challenges to governance and threatened national security.

4. Drug Trafficking and Organized Crime:

Ecuador's strategic location has made it a transit point for drug trafficking routes. The rise of organized crime networks and their involvement in the drug trade have posed significant security challenges, straining law enforcement efforts and threatening societal well-being.

5. Environmental Vulnerabilities and Resource Security:

Ecuador's rich biodiversity and natural resources make it susceptible to environmental vulnerabilities, including deforestation, illegal mining, and climate change impacts. These vulnerabilities have security implications, both in terms of resource scarcity and their potential to exacerbate social tensions.

6. Contemporary Security Landscape:

By examining Ecuador's historical security challenges, we gain insights into the foundations of its contemporary security landscape. While some challenges have evolved, new issues such as cyber threats and transnational crime have emerged, necessitating adaptive security strategies.

7. Policy Implications and Future Prospects:

Understanding Ecuador's historical security challenges is crucial for formulating effective policies. This paper highlights the need for comprehensive approaches that address the diverse range of security concerns, from territorial integrity to environmental sustainability.

8. Conclusion:

Ecuador's security challenges, viewed through a historical lens, offer a nuanced understanding of the nation's security dynamics. By acknowledging its historical experiences, Ecuador can develop informed strategies to address current and future security issues, safeguarding its territorial integrity, political stability, and societal well-being.

References:

1. Cason, J. (2000). Living between bullets: The political economy of insecurity in Ecuador. Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, 42(4), 75-104.
2. Chiriboga, M. (2013). Security in South America: The case of Ecuador. Security Index, 19(2), 81-94.
3. Hidalgo, A. C., & Castillo, M. (2017). Environmental security challenges in Ecuador: Climate change and deforestation. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 74(5), 746-757.