SELF-ORGANIZATION AND ADAPTATION OF STUDENTS DURING DISTANCE LEARNING

ABSTRACT

The article discusses the concepts of self-organization and adaptation, as well as their relationship. Time management methods that can be used for more successful self-organization during distance learning are given.

Keywords: self-organization, adaptation, social adaptation.

Distance learning has greatly influenced the process and perception of education by both teachers and students. But if teachers are adults, self-organized, responsible people (for the most part), then students are young people who still need a clear framework for successful education.

That is why the formation of self-organization skills among students is one of the main tasks (to a greater extent, it is the students themselves).

Self-organization is “a process during which the organization of a complex dynamic system is created, reproduced or improved” [1, p. 591]. In other words, we can say that self-organization of students consists in working on themselves in order to adapt to the existing reality (to work remotely) for a more successful assimilation of the knowledge gained.

It should be noted that self-organization is not a skill with which a person is born, it is something that he develops in himself or, for example, with the help of his parents (even in childhood), in the pursuit of the best, to “better himself”.

If we talk about the self-organization of students specifically, it should be noted that this concept does not mean only educational activities, but rather the ability to correctly allocate one's time between study and rest, and this concept also includes a number of skills that should be possessed or that should be learned for successful self-organization: to learn and develop in oneself the very ability to organize oneself and one's life in unusual conditions, to adapt; try to structure all the information that the teacher gives not only during the lecture, but also for self-study; be able to work with various sources in a remote format and much more.

With self-organization, everything is clear, now we will analyze the above-mentioned adaptation. For both teachers and students, the distance learning format and, accordingly, teaching is a novelty, in which it was still necessary to learn how to work and adapt to all the conditions put forward by the time.

Let us define the concept of social adaptation - “the process of adaptation, development, as a rule, active, by a person or group of new social conditions or social environment for her. In modern sociology, social adaptation in most cases is understood as such a social process in which both the adaptant (personality, social group) and the social environment are adaptive-adapting systems, that is, they actively interact, actively influence each other in the process of social adaptation. [2, p. 13].

The concept of self-organization and adaptation are very related in the context of the topic, because how tightly self-organization has become a habit in a student's life depends on how quickly and efficiently his adaptation will take place.

It would be appropriate to single out several time management rules (“time management is techniques and methods for managing time. This is self-organization and self-management. Time management helps a person or company plan time and save resources” [3]).

First, in order to complete a particular task, it is necessary to rank them in order of priority, where the most important and urgent tasks are at the beginning of the list, and the least important and urgent are towards the end.

Secondly, when ranking tasks, it is important to understand how long each of them will take, so you need to plan time for each.

Thirdly, in order to perform a particular task, it is necessary to determine the process of its implementation and the result that needs to be obtained.

On the website RBC.ru [3] put forward 15 methods of time management:

1. Preparation in the evening (in the evening you prepare a business plan, understand the load and in the morning without haste you already know what to prepare for);

2. At least a few minutes for a task (if you don’t want to perform this or that task, then spend literally 5-10 minutes on it and most likely you will continue to complete it);

3. Deadlines (with the help of limited time, you can work faster and forget about procrastination);

4. Eating the "frog" ("frog" is the most difficult task to do in the morning);

5. Small tasks (the opposite method to the past, which advises doing small tasks first, trying to spend 1-2 minutes on them);

6. Autofocus (you need to write down all the tasks and read them slowly, stop at one that you want to complete);

7. Do it tomorrow (Mark Forster recommends not taking on urgent tasks right away, but postponing them until tomorrow);

8. Dividing a large task (divide a large task into small ones and gradually complete all the small tasks, so as a result a complex and large one will be completed);

9. One task in one period of time (you need to focus on one thing, and not try to do everything at once);

10. Fixed time methods (work on a timer);

11. The principle of nine cases (1-big task, 3-smaller tasks and 5-small tasks per day);

12. Kanban (load distribution between people for faster task completion);

13. Timing (the scheduling process consists of 3 stages: fix, that is, determine how much time is spent on a particular task; find important - determine which task could be done faster, and where the time was spent usefully; planning - adjusting the schedule taking into account your personal statistics);

14. Eisenhower Matrix (separate tasks into important-urgent, important-not urgent, urgent-not important and not important-not urgent);

15. Time management by chronotype ("bears", "lions", "wolves", "dolphins").

These methods are different, and each student can choose the method of planning his time that is right for him for successful self-organization and quick adaptation in a changing reality.

Thus, we can conclude that the concepts of self-organization and adaptation in the context of the topic of distance learning are related. For successful adaptation and development of self-organization, you can use time management methods that each student can choose for themselves.

References:

1. Filosofskij enciklopedicheskij slovar'. — M.: Sovetskaya enciklopediya. Gl. redakciya: L. F. Il'ichyov, P. N. Fedoseev, S. M. Kovalyov, V. G. Panov. 1983.
2. Sociologiya: Enciklopediya. — Minsk: Interpresservis; Knizhnyj Dom. A.A. Gricanov, V.L. Abushenko, G.M. Evel'kin, G.N. Sokolova, O.V. Tereshchenko. 2003.
3. https://trends.rbc.ru/trends/education/606335659a7947a191c4b092