SOCIO-CULTURAL REHABILITATION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES THROUGH THEATER ACTIVITIES

СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНАЯ РЕАБАЛИТАЦИЯ ЛИЦ С ОВЗ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ ТЕАТРАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ

Дубочинская Инна Игоревна

студент, институт общественных наук и массовых коммуникаций Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет,

РФ, г. Белгород

Поленова Марина Евгеньевна

научный руководитель, канд. пед. наук, доц., Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет

РФ, г. Белгород

Богачев Роман Евгеньевич

научный руководитель, доц., ст. преподаватель, Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет

РФ, г. Белгород

ABSTRACT

The article talks about theatrical activity as one of the effective forms of socio-cultural rehabilitation of people with mental disabilities, in connection with the trend in the formation of the concept of independent life in society, and due to the need to increase the level of social integration.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Статья рассказывает о театральной деятельности как одной из эффективных форм социокультурной реабилитации людей с ментальными нарушениями, в связи с тенденцией формированием в обществе концепции независимой жизни, а вследствие необходимости повышения уровня социальной интеграции.

Keywords: sociocultural rehabilitation, theatrical activity, formation of positive interests, socialization, integration into society.

Ключевые слова: социокультурная реабилитация, театральная деятельность, формирование позитивных интересов, социализация, интеграция в общество.

As of December 31, 2019, adults with disabilities were registered in the subordinate institutions of the regional social protection system;

People with disabilities have:

• deficiency of intellectual development. It manifests itself through difficulties in solving everyday problems, the inability to think abstractly, reason, and learn from experience. Inability to solve mathematical and logical problems, especially if it is necessary to additionally use reading, speech, etc. The concentration of attention and memory has low rates, which leads to a low degree of learning;

• low level of adaptive behavior. It consists in the inability to adapt to generally accepted cultural and social stereotypes in society. Such people are little or not at all adapted to independent life, they experience difficulties in the process of communication, conducting social life. Therefore, they require regular help and support from others. A person often does not understand his thoughts, cannot clearly express them to others. There are problems with communication - due to the lack of the necessary experience of interpersonal relations, it is difficult for him to get close to others, make friends;

• low level of independence – a person can take poor care of himself, is not able to organize his leisure time, often has an irresponsible attitude to work, does not know how to properly manage personal finances;

• poor behavior control. Outbursts of aggressiveness, irritability, anger can arise due to various factors - discomfort caused by communication difficulties or the inability to express personal needs and desires, social isolation, social discrimination, etc. [one] Today, the problems of people with disabilities receive special attention and the introduction of innovative forms and methods of rehabilitation and habilitation, combining correctional methods in various spheres of life of people with mental disorders. One of these forms is theatrical activity. This is a simple and at the same time simply amazingly effective method of healing the soul, correcting behavior, teaching and directing. Theatrical techniques develop creative thinking, the ability to “correctly” live through various emotional states, which contributes to the growth of self-confidence, the disclosure of internal forces, and the formation of a holistic personality [2].

 In the process of a theatrical game, the filling of the dictionary is imperceptibly activated, the sound culture of speech and its intonational structure are improved. The role played, the spoken remarks put a person in front of the need to express themselves clearly, clearly and understandably, the ability to conduct a dialogue improves, the grammatical structure improves. Participation in therapeutic theatrical dramatizations and performances, entering into one or another role, has a beneficial effect on the individual, helps her to cope with her internal problems [3]. As a rule, the essence of theatrical techniques comes down to the individual or group creation of a certain artistic image. In this case, the theatrical method aims to create pantomime or dramatic action.

Theatrical therapy is also developing in the direction of psychological theater. In this case, the projection method often works - transferring one's own internal conflicts to the hero. When creating, a person transfers his inner world into creativity. E. Fromm, for example, defined creativity as the ability to "be surprised and learn, the ability to find solutions in non-standard situations, it is a focus on discovering something new and the ability to deeply understand one's experience" [4]

Today it is important to draw attention to the vital activity of the disabled. There is a need to promote creative self-realization and personal growth of people with disabilities, including those with mental disabilities. In relation to people with disabilities, cultural and leisure activities are a process of creating conditions for organizing free time, associated with the realization of their needs and interests, which has a personality-developing character, social value orientation and self-realization. In this regard, theatrical activity as one of the effective forms of socio-cultural rehabilitation of people with mental disabilities is relevant in connection with the formation of the concept of independent life in society, and due to the need to increase the level of social integration. It is aimed at developing communication skills, forming positive interests, knowing the world around us and ourselves, developing imagination and fantasy, which will allow people with disabilities to become more confident in themselves, correctly express their thoughts and emotions and experience emotional experience.

References:

1. Basov, N.F. Social work with various population groups/ N.F. bass. – M.: KnoRus, 2016. – 528 p.
2. Nagornova, A.Yu. Theory and technology of cultural and leisure activities with disabled people. [Text] / A.Yu. Nagornova - Saarbrücken: LAPLambertAcademicPublishing, 2015. P. 89.
3. Kiseleva, T.G. Social and cultural activities [Text] /T.G. Kiseleva Textbook. - M.: MGUKI, 2012. - 539 p.
4. Plokhova, I.A., Bibikova, N.V. Social readaptation of disabled people with mental retardation through art therapy: a teaching aid. [Text] / I.A. Plokhova, N.V. Bibikova Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov. Ulyanovsk, 2014, p. 69.