STATE REGULATION OF YOUTH EMPLOYMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BELGOROD REGION

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ТРУДОУСТРОЙСТВА МОЛОДЁЖИ НА ПРИМЕРЕ БЕЛГОРОДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Лепская Алина Олеговна

студент 3 курс, направление «Таможенное дело», кафедра социальных технологий и государственной службы, института экономики и управления, Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет,

РФ, г. Белгород

ABSTRACT

The article discusses the concept of employment. The urgency of the problem and the main goal of state regulation of youth employment, as well as ways of solving the problem at the moment are noted. State programs and competitions aimed at increasing the employment of the population of the Belgorod region.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В статье рассматривается понятие трудовой деятельности. Отмечена актуальность проблемы и основная цель государственного регулирования трудоустройства молодёжи, а также способы решения проблемы на данный момент. Государственные программы и конкурсы, направленные на повышение трудоустройства населения Белгородской области.

Keywords: Belgorod region, Russian Federation, Promotion of employment, All-Russian competition, labor force, the labor market, talented young people.

Ключевые слова: Белгородская область, Российская Федерация, Содействие занятости населения, Всероссийский конкурс, рабочая сила, рынок труда, талантливая молодёжь.

Labor activity is the activity of citizens related to the satisfaction of personal and social needs, which does not contradict the legislation of the Russian Federation and brings, as a rule, income from labor.

At the present stage, the Russian employment policy defines many problems that need to be solved to ensure the rights of unemployed youth. The main task today is to minimize the socio-economic costs of unemployment and increase the mobility and competitiveness of the workforce. Some reasons for unemployment include the discrepancy between the demand in the labor market and the supply of specialists for training, the reluctance of employers to accept graduates immediately after graduation without work experience.

According to Rostrud, as of November 1, 2018, the unemployment rate in the Russian Federation was 0.8%, in the Central Federal District-0.5%. Belgorod Region ranks fourth in the ranking among 18 regions of the Central Federal District and fifth in the Russian Federation in terms of registered unemployment.

The Belgorod Region occupies a fairly high position in these ratings, both among the regions of the central Federal District and among the entire territory of the Russian Federation. But the region is currently implementing the program "Employment Promotion of the Belgorod region", which is aimed at radically changing the current situation.

As of 07.11.2018, the number of unemployed citizens registered with the TSN bodies of the Belgorod region reached 5.1 thousand people (as of 08.11.2017 -5.2 thousand people). The registered unemployment rate was 0.61% (as of 08.11.2017-0.63%). The intensity coefficient was 0.22 units, i.e. there are almost 4.4 vacancies per citizen who is looking for work.

Based on the information received, it can be assumed that there are enough jobs in the region to ensure full employment. The problem is that these vacancies require a certain education. That is, there are too many employees with the right education in some field of activity, and another area is less popular among students.

In order to increase the prestige of working professions and assist in attracting young people for training and employment in working professions, the Government of the Russian Federation adopted a resolution "On the All-Russian competition of professional skills "The Best by profession". The aim of the competition is to improve the professional skills of workers in mass professions, to form a positive public opinion about the work of workers and the attractiveness of training in working professions that are in great demand in the labor market. The competition has been held annually since 2012 in two stages - at the level of the subjects of the Russian Federation and at the federal level. In 2012, the Belgorod Region became the first subject of the Russian Federation to hold the final competitions of the All-Russian competition in the nomination "The Best Mason", held on November 21, 2012.

One of the priorities of the employment services of the region is also the professional orientation of high school students. In accordance with the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Labor and Employment of the region has developed and approved a set of measures for vocational guidance of students of educational institutions of general education for 2015.

The existence of problems in the labor market makes it necessary to solve the tasks of promoting employment and providing the economy and social sphere with qualified labor resources.

Thanks to the implementation of the state program "Employment Promotion of the Belgorod region", it is possible to achieve a result in the form of a reduction in unemployment, that is, to employ at least 75.7% of the number of citizens who applied to the employment center by 2021.

The advantages of this program include:

1. the existence of a state policy in the field of employment promotion and a variety of state instruments for regulating the labor market;

2. availability of real opportunities in this area to meet the needs of all participants in the labor market, including the presence of motivation for self-employment among the population; increased interest of employers, expressed in the growing need for qualified workers with high motivation to work; implementation of measures to balance the supply and demand of labor;

3. availability of highly qualified specialists working in the field of employment and contributing to the implementation of the state employment policy.

Among the weaknesses of the program can be noted:

1.insufficient skill level of the workforce and low wage characteristics of the jobs offered, lack of effective mechanisms for influencing employers;

2. unstable tax system, deductions to insurance funds, high interest rates;

3. excessive detailing of administrative regulations for the provision of public services.

Thus, the situation with the support of talented youth now requires rapid and significant changes. In addition to the system of competitions, it is necessary to develop methodological tools for working with talented youth, educational networks that integrate school and additional education. In addition, it is necessary to create a support system that ensures not only the identification and development of the abilities of students and students, but also continuity between preschool, school, professional and academic education. The Russian economy is in need of labor, and youth unemployment is one of the most acute problems in the field of labor. And today, more than ever, it is important to assess its real scale and predict the dynamics, to find ways to provide effective assistance to young people experiencing difficulties with employment.

Acknowledgements / Acknowledgement

The authors thank the organization and the people without whom this study would not have taken place at all.

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